I. Introduction

1. Overview of MIPI M-PHY Testing

MIPI M-PHY is a high-speed serial interface standard defined by the MIPI (Mobile Industry Processor Interface) Alliance.
It is mainly used in mobile devices, high-speed storage (such as UFS), high-performance computing (such as M-PCIe), camera, and display interfaces.
M-PHY adopts a layered architecture and supports multiple operating modes (such as High-Speed (HS) mode and low-power PWM mode), featuring high data transfer rates, low power consumption, and flexibility.

2. Main Aspects of MIPI M-PHY Testing

• Signal Integrity Testing: Measuring parameters like eye diagram, jitter, rise/fall time, differential voltage, etc., to ensure signal quality.

• Compliance Testing: Executing automated tests according to MIPI specifications to verify whether the DUT (Device Under Test) meets the standards.

• Bit Error Rate (BER) Testing: Checking the BER during high-speed transmission to ensure data integrity.

• Protocol Layer Testing: Verifying protocol operation for different applications (e.g., UFS, M-PCIe).

• Reference Clock Testing: Checking the stability of the system clock to avoid data transmission errors.

3. MIPI M-PHY Gear Rates

MIPI M-PHY defines different data rates using “Gears”, mainly including：

• Low-Speed Mode (PWM-TX): Mainly for low-power communication, lower data rates.
• High-Speed Mode (HS-TX): For high-bandwidth data transmission, higher data rates.

Testing at different speeds requires high-bandwidth oscilloscopes (such as the Keysight UXR series) and specialized probes to ensure measurement accuracy and signal integrity.

---

II. Overview of Device Under Test (DUT)

The DUT in this testing session is a storage device (such as a UFS chip) or a high-speed communication module (such as an M-PCIe device) that supports the MIPI M-PHY interface.

---

III. Testing Equipment Used

Keysight Infiniium series high-end oscilloscopes were used, specifically:

• Keysight UXR-Series Oscilloscopes (13 GHz to 110 GHz)

Additionally, the Keysight D9040MPHC MIPI M-PHY Compliance Test Software was used to automate testing and generate reports.

Key Features of D9040MPHC:

• Testing according to full MIPI M-PHY v4.1 and CTS v4.1 specifications.

• Supports PWM and HS testing across all speed settings.

• Automates oscilloscope setup, testing, and reporting to improve accuracy, save time, and enhance repeatability.

• Performs automatic margin analysis.

1. Test Equipment Setup

Probes and Adapters:

• MX0025A InfiniiMax Ultra 25 GHz Probe
• N7010A 30 GHz Active Termination Adapter (for continuous mode testing)
• SMA Cables (for connecting DUT to oscilloscope)

---

IV. Test Preparation and Connection

1. Hardware Connection Steps

1. Place the DUT on the test platform and connect it to the MIPI M-PHY signal test points.

2. Use the MX0025A probe to connect to the DUT’s TX output.

3. Ensure the oscilloscope’s input channels are correctly mapped to the M-PHY signal lanes.

4. Use the N7010A adapter to optimize signal integrity.

2. Accessories Setup

1. Power on the Keysight Infiniium oscilloscope and launch the D9040MPHC MIPI M-PHY compliance test software.

2. Select the test standard version (MIPI M-PHY v3.0/v4.0/v4.1).

3. Set the data rate (Gear1 – Gear4, up to 11.66 Gbps).

4. Configure triggering to correctly capture the DUT’s TX signals.

---

V. Test Items

1. High-Speed TX (HS-TX) Characteristic Testing

• Test 1.1.1 UIHS and fOFFSET_TX

• Test 1.1.2 PSDCM_TX (Reference Test)

• Test 1.1.3 THS_PREPARE

• Test 1.1.4 VCM_TX

• Test 1.1.5 VDIF_DC_TX

• Test 1.1.6 TEYE_TX, VDIF_AC_TX (Gear1 and Gear2)

• Test 1.1.7 TEYE_HS_G3/G4_TX, VDIF_AC_HS_G3/G4_TX

• Test 1.1.8 TR_HS_TX and TF_HS_TX (Reference Test)

• Test 1.1.9 TL2L_SKEW_HS_TX (for devices supporting two or more lanes)

• Test 1.1.10 SRDIF_TX [MIN/MAX] (Gear1 only)

• Test 1.1.11 SR_DIF Monotonicity (Gear1 only)

• Test 1.1.12 ΔSR_DIF_TX (Gear1 only)

• Test 1.1.13 TINTRA_SKEW_TX

• Test 1.1.14 TPULSE (Reference Test)

• Test 1.1.15 TJTX (Reference Test)

• Test 1.1.16 STTJTX (Reference Test)

• Test 1.1.17 DJTX (Reference Test)

• Test 1.1.18 STDJTX (Reference Test)

2. Low-Speed PWM-TX Characteristic Testing

• Test 1.2.1 TPWM_TX

• Test 1.2.2 kPWM_TX

• Test 1.2.3 TPWM_PREPARE

• Test 1.2.4 VCM_TX

• Test 1.2.5 VDIF_DC

• Test 1.2.6 TEYE_TX (Deprecated)

• Test 1.2.7 VDIF_AC_TX

• Test 1.2.8 TR_PWM_TX and TF_PWM_TX

• Test 1.2.9 TL2L_SKEW_PWM_TX

• Test 1.2.10 TOLPWM_G1_LR_TX

• Test 1.2.11 TPWM_MINOR_G0_TX

---

VI. Generating Test Reports

Upon completion of the tests, the software automatically generates a report including:

• Test pass/fail results
• Detailed measurement data
• Margin analysis
• Eye diagram and waveform screenshots

Reports can be exported in PDF or CSV format for further analysis and archiving.

---

VII. Conclusion

MIPI M-PHY compliance testing is a crucial step in ensuring products meet industry standards and enhance product reliability.
Using the Keysight Infiniium oscilloscope and D9040MPHC software enables efficient execution of M-PHY tests and provides detailed analytical reports, offering critical references for product optimization.